For some people, lifestyle changes such as improving their diet and increasing physical activity may not be enough to achieve or maintain weight loss. Prescription medications may provide additional support as part of medical weight loss treatment, but different medications work through different mechanisms and are not suitable for everyone. A doctor may consider factors such as BMI, existing health conditions, current medications, previous weight loss attempts and individual weight management goals when assessing treatment options.
In Singapore, available categories include GLP-1 medications, dual GLP-1/GIP therapies, appetite suppressants and fat absorption blockers. Understanding these categories can help patients have more informed discussions about which medical weight loss treatment options may be appropriate for them.
Weekly GLP-1 Injections: Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that can support weight management by acting on pathways involved in appetite and food intake. It is available as a once-weekly injection, with different doses and approved indications depending on the product and treatment purpose. Lower-dose formulations may be used for diabetes management, while higher-dose semaglutide is indicated for obesity management in appropriate patients.
Treatment typically begins at a lower dose before being gradually adjusted according to the prescribed regimen. As with other prescription medications, semaglutide is not suitable for everyone. Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation and abdominal discomfort, particularly during dose escalation.
Dual GLP-1 And GIP Weekly Injection: Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable medication that acts on two hormone pathways: GLP-1 and GIP. These pathways are involved in appetite regulation, food intake and metabolic processes, which can make tirzepatide one of the options considered within medical weight management. Unlike medications that act on GLP-1 alone, tirzepatide targets both GLP-1 and GIP receptors. Treatment generally starts at a lower dose, with adjustments made according to the prescribed dosing schedule and individual response.
Common side effects may include nausea, diarrhoea, constipation, vomiting and abdominal discomfort. A doctor will consider factors such as existing medical conditions, other medications and treatment goals when determining whether tirzepatide is an appropriate option.
Daily Injectable and Oral GLP-1 Medications
Not all GLP-1 medications are administered weekly. Liraglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that is given as a daily injection and may be considered for weight management in appropriate patients. Another option is oral semaglutide, which is taken as a tablet rather than an injection. Although both belong to the GLP-1 medication category, their dosing schedules and formulations differ, which may affect how they fit into a patient’s treatment plan.
Like other prescription weight loss medications, these options can cause side effects, with gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and constipation among those that may occur. The choice between treatment options depends on individual medical factors, approved indications and practical considerations.
Fat Absorption Blockers: Orlistat
Orlistat works differently from GLP-1-based medications because it acts in the digestive system rather than primarily affecting appetite. It inhibits enzymes called lipases that break down dietary fat, reducing the amount of fat absorbed from food. The unabsorbed fat is then passed out of the body through the digestive tract. Because of this mechanism, dietary intake can affect both how the medication works and the likelihood of gastrointestinal side effects.
Some people may experience oily stools, increased bowel movements, abdominal discomfort or urgency, particularly when consuming meals high in fat. Orlistat may be considered as part of medical weight management for suitable patients, with a doctor taking into account factors such as existing health conditions, diet, other medications and individual weight loss goals
Appetite Suppressants: Phentermine and Similar Agents
Appetite suppressants are another category of prescription medications that may be considered for weight management. Phentermine, for example, works primarily by reducing appetite, which may help some patients decrease their overall food intake. This mechanism differs from GLP-1-based medications and fat absorption blockers. Phentermine is generally intended for specific patients and treatment circumstances, so it is important to consider factors such as existing health conditions, other medications and potential side effects before use.
Depending on the medication, possible effects may include increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, insomnia, dry mouth or nervousness. A doctor can assess whether an appetite suppressant is appropriate and determine how it should be used as part of an individual’s medical weight management plan.
Choosing A Suitable Medication For Medical Weight Loss Treatment
Choosing a medication involves more than looking at how much weight a person wants to lose. Different prescription medications have different mechanisms, dosing schedules, approved indications and potential side effects. A doctor may assess several factors before recommending a suitable option, including:
- BMI and weight-related health conditions: Certain medications may be considered based on a person’s weight and associated health risks.
- Appetite and eating patterns: The way hunger, appetite and food intake affect weight management may help guide treatment selection.
- Existing medical conditions: A patient’s overall health and medical history can influence which medications are appropriate.
- Current medications: Potential interactions and overlapping effects need to be considered.
- Previous weight loss attempts: Past experiences with lifestyle changes or medications can provide useful context.
- Treatment preferences: Factors such as oral versus injectable medication and dosing frequency may affect how a treatment fits into daily life.
- Potential side effects: The possible benefits and risks of each medication should be considered before treatment begins.
Regular follow-up can help monitor weight changes, treatment response and side effects. This allows the treatment plan to be reviewed over time rather than assuming that the same medication will remain suitable for every patient.
Conclusion
Weight loss medications work through different mechanisms, so treatment should be considered based on individual health needs, weight management goals and medical history. Understanding the available options can help patients have a more informed discussion with a doctor about suitable medical weight loss treatment. For medical weight loss treatment in Singapore, contact our clinic at:
Edwin Lim Clinic – Medical Weight Loss Pen | Ozempic | Wegovy | Mounjaro | Rybelsus | Saxenda
#02-12/13 Changi City Point
#05-51, Lucky Plaza (By Appointment Only)
Phone: +65 91234567
